Xml

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XSD

XSD-<schema>

<schema> element is the root element of every XML Schema

<?xml version = "1.0"?>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.runoob.com"
xmlns="http://www.runoob.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
>
...
...
</xs:schema>

Simple element

<xs:element name="xx" type="yyy"/>

common types:

  1. xs:string
  2. xs:decimal
  3. xs:integer
  4. xs:boolean
  5. xs:date
  6. xs:time

simple element’s defaults
<xs:element name="color" type="xs:string" default="red"/>
simple element’s fixed values
<xs:element name="color" type="xs:string" fixed="red"/>

XSD Attribute

xs:attribute name="xxx" type="yyy"/>

common types:

  1. xs:string
  2. xs:decimal
  3. xs:integer
  4. xs:boolean
  5. xs:date
  6. xs:time

XSD Restriction / Facets

The following example define a element name “age” with a restriction. The value of age cannot be lower than 0,higher than 120.

<xs:element name="age">
  <xs:simpleType>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:integer">
      <xs:minInclusive value="0"/>
      <xs:maxInclusive value="120"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:element>

Enumeration constraint

<xs:element name="car">
  <xs:simpleType>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:enumeration value="Audi"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="Golf"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="BMW"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:element>

<xs:element name="car" type="carType"/>

<xs:simpleType name="carType">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
    <xs:enumeration value="Audi"/>
    <xs:enumeration value="Golf"/>
    <xs:enumeration value="BMW"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

Pattern constraint

<xs:element name="initials">
  <xs:simpleType>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z]"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:element>
restriction description
enumeration define a list of acceptable values
fractionDigit define max acceptable decimal places, >=0
length define the quantity of acceptable char of list content
maxExclusive <
maxInclusive <=
maxLength define the max length,>=0
minExclusive >
minInclusive >=
minLength min length,>=0
pattern define the exact sequence of acceptable characters
totalDigits define the exact places of number,>0
whiteSpace define the processing method of white space

XSD complex elements

  1. empty element
  2. element containing other elements
  3. element containing text
  4. element containing other elements and text

EMPTY ELEMENT

<xs:element name="product" type="prodtype"/>

<xs:complexType name="prodtype">
  <xs:attribute name="prodid" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
</xs:complexType>

ELEMENT CONTAINING OTHER ELEMENTS

<xs:element name="person" type="personType"/>

<xs:complexType name="personType">
  <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="firstName" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="lastName" type="xs:string"/>
  </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>

ELEMENT CONTAINING TEXT

<xs:element name="shoesize" type="shoetype"/>

<xs:complexType name="shoetype">
  <xs:simpleContent>
    <xs:extension base="xs:integer">
      <xs:attribute name="country" type="xs:string" />
    </xs:extension>
  </xs:simpleContent>
</xs:complexType>

ELEMENT CONTAINING OTHER ELEMENTS AND TEXT

<xs:element name="letter" type="letterType"/>

<xs:complexType name="letterType" mixed="true">
  <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="orderId" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
    <xs:element name="shiDate" type="xs:date"/>
  </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>

XSD Indicator

contains 7 types of indicator

Order Indicator

  • All
  • Choice
  • Sequence

Occurrence Indicator

  • maxOccurs
  • minOccurs

Group Indicator

  • Group name
  • attributeGroup name

Order Indicator

  1. All Indicator
    every child element can occur in any order, and every child occur must occur once.

    <xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
    <xs:all>
    <xs:element name="firstName" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="lastName" type="xs:string"/>
    </xs:all>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

  2. Choice Indicator
    one or the other

    <xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
    <xs:choice>
    <xs:element name="employee" type="employee"/>
    <xs:element name="member" type="member"/>
    </xs:choice>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

  3. Sequence Indicator
    occur in order

    <xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
    <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
    </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

Occurrence Indicator

  1. maxOccurs Indicator

    <xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
    <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="full_name" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="child_name" type="xs:string" maxOccurs="10"/>
    </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

  2. minOccurs Indicator

      <xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="full_name" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="child_name" type="xs:string"
    maxOccurs="10" minOccurs="0"/>
    </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

Group Indicator

  1. Group Name Indicator

    <xs:group name="persongroup">
<xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="birthday" type="xs:date"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:group>

<xs:element name="person" type="personinfo"/>

<xs:complexType name="personinfo">
<xs:sequence>
    <xs:group ref="persongroup"/>
    <xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>

  2. Attribute Name Indicator

    <xs:attributeGroup name="personattrgroup">
<xs:attribute name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="birthday" type="xs:date"/>
</xs:attributeGroup>

<xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
    <xs:attributeGroup ref="personattrgroup"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

<any>